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Take This Quiz to Find Out How Much You Know the OSI Model?

Manali Oak
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The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) developed the OSI Model, as a conceptual model which acts as a reference for how applications and devices communicate over a network. OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection.
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OSI Model is composed of 7 abstraction layers, where each layer is responsible for a certain job and it communicates with the layers above and below it.
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Using flow control, error control, segmentation and desegmentation, the transport layer provides transparent transfer of data between hosts, thus ensuring reliable data transfer.
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The network layer selects and manages the best logical path for data transfer between nodes.
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The data link layer detects and corrects errors that occur at physical layer, thus providing for error-free data transfer between nodes.
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The physical layer defines the means to transfer a stream of raw bits between network nodes.
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The presentation layer performs data encryption and decryption for security, and compression and decompression, to increase throughput of data.
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Presentation layer formats the data to be sent across a network and acts as a data translator for the network. It is also called Syntax layer.
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Dialogues between computers are called sessions, which are tracked and controlled by the session layer.
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LLC (Logical link control) sublayer provides addressing and control of data link. MAC (Media access control) sublayer determines who is allowed to access media at any one time. It also performs frame synchronization.
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Network layer is responsible for routing packets between network entities. A packet consists of a header and a payload. The header has information about the packet (source and destination IP addresses). Payload is the actual data.
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OSI model has seven layers while TCP/IP model has four. Physical and data link layer in OSI model can be mapped to Network Interface layer in TCP/IP while session, presentation and application layers can be mapped to application layer in TCP/IP.
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Data from upper layers, on arriving at the transport layer, is divided into segments. This is known as segmentation which is an important function of the transport layer.
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Packets from the network layer are encapsulated into frames by the data link layer. A frame is composed of a link layer header and a packet.
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Routers forward data packets between computer networks. They direct the traffic by selecting the best route for transmission of data.